Materials researched for water treatment
Chitosan-clay-algae dye adsorbent
A chitosan/sepiolite clay/algae biocomposite for removing dyes from water.
Built / tested: adsorbents
As reported in: Zain, Abdulhameed, Jawad et al. (2022). A pH-Sensitive Surface of Chitosan/Sepiolite Clay/Algae Biocomposite for the Removal of Malachite Green and Remazol Brilliant Blue R Dyes: Optimization and Adsorption Mechanism Study. Journal of Polymers and the Environment. doi:10.1007/s10924-022-02614-y
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Chitosan nanocomposites in flow-through filters
A review of chitosan nanocomposites used in continuous-flow adsorption columns for water treatment.
As reported in: Leudjo Taka, Klink, Yangkou Mbianda et al. (2021). Chitosan nanocomposites for water treatment by fixed-bed continuous flow column adsorption: A review. Carbohydrate Polymers. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117398
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Low-cost bentonite filter membrane
Spin-coated a thin bentonite clay layer onto a porous perlite ceramic support to make a low-cost ultrafiltration membrane, then tested it for removing dissolved dyes from water.
Built / tested: ceramic membranes
As reported in: Saja, Bouazizi, Achiou et al. (2020). Fabrication of low-cost ceramic ultrafiltration membrane made from bentonite clay and its application for soluble dyes removal. Journal of the European Ceramic Society. doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2020.01.057
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Biochar for organic pollutants
A review of adsorption, regeneration and engineering applications of biochar for removing organic pollutants.
As reported in: Dai, Zhang, Xing et al. (2019). The adsorption, regeneration and engineering applications of biochar for removal organic pollutants: A review. Chemosphere. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.161
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Lanthanum-diatomite for phosphate
Lanthanum oxide-modified diatomite as an adsorbent for removing low-concentration phosphate from treated wastewater.
Built / tested: adsorbents
As reported in: Wu, Li, Yang et al. (2019). Hydrated lanthanum oxide-modified diatomite as highly efficient adsorbent for low-concentration phosphate removal from secondary effluents. Journal of Environmental Management. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.10.059
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Column filters for arsenic-contaminated water
Studied operating settings for a packed column of chitosan material used to remove arsenate from water.
Built / tested: fixed-bed adsorption columns
As reported in: Brion-Roby, Gagnon, Deschênes et al. (2018). Investigation of fixed bed adsorption column operation parameters using a chitosan material for treatment of arsenate contaminated water. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. doi:10.1016/j.jece.2017.12.032
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Enzymes on spongin scaffolds
Immobilised Trametes versicolor laccase on natural bath sponge (spongin) scaffolds to biodegrade bisphenols.
Built / tested: biocatalytic scaffolds
As reported in: Zdarta, Antecka, Frankowski et al. (2018). The effect of operational parameters on the biodegradation of bisphenols by Trametes versicolor laccase immobilized on Hippospongia communis spongin scaffolds. Science of The Total Environment. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.213
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Heavy-metal capture by clay minerals
A review of clay minerals used to adsorb heavy metals from water.
As reported in: Uddin (2017). A review on the adsorption of heavy metals by clay minerals, with special focus on the past decade. Chemical Engineering Journal. doi:10.1016/j.cej.2016.09.029
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Coconut-shell carbon for dyes
Kinetics and equilibrium of textile dye adsorption on coconut shell activated carbon.
Built / tested: activated carbon
As reported in: Aljeboree, Alshirifi, Alkaim (2017). Kinetics and equilibrium study for the adsorption of textile dyes on coconut shell activated carbon. Arabian Journal of Chemistry. doi:10.1016/j.arabjc.2014.01.020
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Biochar for heavy metals
A review of biochar as a low-cost adsorbent for heavy metals in water.
As reported in: Inyang, Gao, Yao et al. (2015). A review of biochar as a low-cost adsorbent for aqueous heavy metal removal. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology. doi:10.1080/10643389.2015.1096880
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Ceramic filters from local Cameroonian clay
Produced microfiltration membranes from locally sourced clay for water treatment.
Built / tested: microfiltration membranes
As reported in: Belibi Belibi, Nguemtchouin, Rivallin et al. (2015). Microfiltration ceramic membranes from local Cameroonian clay applicable to water treatment. Ceramics International. doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.10.090
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Nutrient recovery by microalgae
Status and prospects of recovering nutrients from wastewater with microalgae.
As reported in: Cai, Park, Li (2013). Nutrient recovery from wastewater streams by microalgae: Status and prospects. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2012.11.030
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Bamboo charcoal for cadmium
Tested bamboo charcoal as a low-cost adsorbent for cadmium ions in water.
Built / tested: adsorbents
As reported in: Wang, Wang, Ma (2010). Adsorption of cadmium (II) ions from aqueous solution by a new low-cost adsorbent—Bamboo charcoal. Journal of Hazardous Materials. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.12.032
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Magnetic HAp for cadmium and zinc
Magnetic hydroxyapatite nanoparticles as adsorbents for cadmium and zinc in water.
Built / tested: adsorbents
As reported in: Feng, Gong, Zeng et al. (2010). Adsorption of Cd (II) and Zn (II) from aqueous solutions using magnetic hydroxyapatite nanoparticles as adsorbents. Chemical Engineering Journal. doi:10.1016/j.cej.2010.05.049
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Natural zeolite removes ammonium
Used natural Chinese zeolite as an adsorbent for ammonium in water.
Built / tested: adsorbents
As reported in: Huang, Xiao, Yan et al. (2010). Ammonium removal from aqueous solutions by using natural Chinese (Chende) zeolite as adsorbent. Journal of Hazardous Materials. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.156
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Chitosan-alginate beads for copper
Compared chitosan, crosslinked chitosan and chitosan-alginate beads for adsorbing copper ions from water.
Built / tested: adsorbent beads
As reported in: Ngah, Fatinathan (2008). Adsorption of Cu(II) ions in aqueous solution using chitosan beads, chitosan–GLA beads and chitosan–alginate beads. Chemical Engineering Journal. doi:10.1016/j.cej.2007.12.006
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Clinoptilolite for lead
Lead removal from water with natural and pretreated clinoptilolite: equilibrium and kinetics.
Built / tested: adsorbents
As reported in: Günay, Arslankaya, Tosun (2007). Lead removal from aqueous solution by natural and pretreated clinoptilolite: Adsorption equilibrium and kinetics. Journal of Hazardous Materials. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.12.034
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Diatomaceous earth for dye removal
Studied physical characteristics and adsorption mechanisms of diatomaceous earth for removing dyes from textile wastewater.
Built / tested: adsorbents
As reported in: Al-Ghouti, Khraisheh, Allen et al. (2003). The removal of dyes from textile wastewater: a study of the physical characteristics and adsorption mechanisms of diatomaceous earth. Journal of Environmental Management. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2003.09.005
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