Also: mini-organs, brain organoids
Organoids are tiny organ-like structures grown from stem cells, used to study development and disease.
Readiness: lab lab studies · prototype demonstrated objects · commercial products or buildings in real use · review summaries of other studies.
Sato and colleagues grew gut crypt-villus structures from single Lgr5 stem cells.
As reported in: Sato, Vries, Snippert et al. (2009). Single Lgr5 stem cells build crypt-villus structures in vitro without a mesenchymal niche. Nature. doi:10.1038/nature07935
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Lancaster and colleagues grew cerebral organoids that model brain development and microcephaly.
As reported in: Lancaster, Renner, Martin et al. (2013). Cerebral organoids model human brain development and microcephaly. Nature. doi:10.1038/nature12517
Takasato and colleagues grew kidney organoids from human stem cells.
As reported in: Takasato, Er, Chiu et al. (2015). Kidney organoids from human iPS cells contain multiple lineages and model human nephrogenesis. Nature. doi:10.1038/nature15695
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Lancaster and Knoblich reviewed organoid technologies.
As reported in: Lancaster, Knoblich (2014). Organogenesis in a dish: Modeling development and disease using organoid technologies. Science. doi:10.1126/science.1247125
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