Also: Wolff's law, trajectorial theory, computational morphogenesis
Spongy bone remodels in response to mechanical load, and engineers use similar algorithms (topology optimization) to design lightweight structures.
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Huiskes and colleagues modelled bone cells responding to mechanical load, explaining how trabecular architecture emerges and adapts as an optimal structure.
As reported in: Huiskes, Ruimerman, van Lenthe et al. (2000). Effects of mechanical forces on maintenance and adaptation of form in trabecular bone. Nature. doi:10.1038/35015116
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Aage and colleagues ran supercomputer topology optimization at giga-voxel resolution, revealing optimal material distribution inside structures.
As reported in: Aage, Andreassen, Lazarov et al. (2017). Giga-voxel computational morphogenesis for structural design. Nature. doi:10.1038/nature23911
Jang, Kim and Kwak showed an analogy between strain-energy-based bone remodeling algorithms and structural topology optimization.
As reported in: Jang, Kim, Kwak (2008). Analogy of Strain Energy Density Based Bone-Remodeling Algorithm and Structural Topology Optimization. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering. doi:10.1115/1.3005202
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