Also: coral bleaching, Great Barrier Reef, reef ecosystems, mass spawning
Coral reefs are built by tiny animals living with algae. When the water gets too hot, corals expel their algae and turn white (bleaching).
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Hughes and colleagues found the patterns of mass bleaching on the Great Barrier Reef in 1998, 2002 and 2016 matched sea temperatures each year, and that local protection gave little or no resistance to extreme heat.
As reported in: Hughes, Kerry, Álvarez-Noriega et al. (2017). Global warming and recurrent mass bleaching of corals. Nature. doi:10.1038/nature21707
Harrison and colleagues recorded 32 coral species on the Great Barrier Reef spawning together a few nights after late-spring full moons.
As reported in: Harrison, Babcock, Bull et al. (1984). Mass Spawning in Tropical Reef Corals. Science. doi:10.1126/science.223.4641.1186
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