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Nuclear fission and fusion: uses in research

Also: nuclear power, ITER, National Ignition Facility, fusion ignition

Fission splits heavy atoms in today's nuclear plants; fusion joins light atoms, the way the Sun does.

Known properties: Nuclear fission and fusion

Only what the cited papers report.

Key measured values

Values as stated in the cited paper's abstract.

PropertyValueSource
NIF target gain (Dec 2022)1.5Abu-Shawareb 2024
NIF fusion yield3.1 MJAbu-Shawareb 2024

Patents

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Timeline

  1. 2002 The ITER design
  2. 2013 Deaths and emissions prevented by nuclear power
  3. 2024 Fusion gain above 1 at NIF

Readiness: lab lab studies · prototype demonstrated objects · commercial products or buildings in real use · review summaries of other studies.
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climate

lab climate 2013

Deaths and emissions prevented by nuclear power

Kharecha and Hansen calculated that global nuclear power has prevented an average of 1.84 million air-pollution deaths and 64 Gt CO2-eq of emissions compared with fossil fuels.

As reported in: Kharecha, Hansen (2013). Prevented Mortality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Historical and Projected Nuclear Power. Environmental Science & Technology. doi:10.1021/es3051197

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physics

prototype physics 2024

Fusion gain above 1 at NIF

The NIF team reported that on December 5, 2022, 2.05 MJ of laser light produced 3.1 MJ of fusion yield, a target gain of 1.5 and the first lab demonstration of exceeding scientific breakeven.

As reported in: Abu-Shawareb, Acree, Adams et al. (2024). Achievement of Target Gain Larger than Unity in an Inertial Fusion Experiment. Physical Review Letters. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.065102

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prototype physics 2002

The ITER design

Aymar and colleagues described the redesigned ITER tokamak, intended to demonstrate the scientific and technological feasibility of fusion energy at about half the earlier cost target.

As reported in: Aymar, Barabaschi, Shimomura (2002). The ITER design. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. doi:10.1088/0741-3335/44/5/304

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